\u65b0\u9e3f\u57fa\u5730\u4ea7\uff08\u65b0\u5730\uff09\u53ca\u9999\u6e2f\u4e2d\u6587\u5927\u5b66\uff08\u4e2d\u5927\uff09\u9080\u5f971993\u5e74\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5956\u5f97\u4e3b\u9053\u683c\u62c9\u65af\uff0e\u8bfa\u65af\u6559\u6388\uff08Professor Douglass C. North\uff09\uff0c\u4e8e\u4eca\u5929\uff0812\u670811\u65e5\uff09\u6765\u6e2f\u4e3e\u884c\u8bb2\u5ea7\uff0c\u8bba\u8ff0\u300c\u65b0\u6a21\u5f0f\u900f\u89c6\u793e\u4f1a\u6f14\u5316\u52a8\u6001\u300d\uff0c\u5438\u5f15\u8fd1\u4e8c\u767e\u540d\u5dff\u6c11\u53c2\u4e0e\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6765\u81ea\u653f\u5546\u754c\u7684\u4eba\u58eb\u3001\u4e2d\u5927\u7684\u5e08\u751f\u53ca\u6821\u53cb\uff0c\u5206\u4eab\u8bfa\u65af\u6559\u6388\u7684\u771f\u77e5\u707c\u89c1\uff0c\u76db\u51b5\u7a7a\u524d\u3002<\/p>
\u65b0\u5730\u6267\u884c\u8463\u4e8b\u9ec4\u5955\u9274\u8868\u793a\uff1a\u300c\u65b0\u9e3f\u57fa\u5730\u4ea7\u4e00\u76f4\u79ef\u6781\u63a8\u52a8\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u9f13\u52b1\u7ec8\u8eab\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u542f\u53d1\u521b\u65b0\u601d\u7ef4\u3002\u73b0\u65f6\u9999\u6e2f\u6b63\u9762\u5bf9\u5168\u7403\u91d1\u878d\u6d77\u5578\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6e2f\u4eba\u66f4\u8981\u628a\u63e1\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u52aa\u529b\u5145\u5b9e\u53ca\u88c5\u5907\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u8fce\u63a5\u672a\u6765\u79cd\u79cd\u6311\u6218\u3002\u65b0\u5730\u53ca\u4e2d\u5927\u5408\u529e\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u5f97\u5956\u5b66\u4eba\u8bb2\u5ea7\u7cfb\u5217\u5df2\u662f\u7b2c\u4e94\u5e74\uff0c\u65b0\u9e3f\u57fa\u5730\u4ea7\u5e0c\u671b\u85c9\u6b64\u8ba9\u5dff\u6c11\u5206\u4eab\u56fd\u9645\u7ea7\u5927\u5e08\u7684\u7cbe\u8f9f\u89c1\u89e3\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u5b66\u517b\uff0c\u6269\u9614\u89c1\u8bc6\uff0c\u5e76\u6fc0\u53d1\u9752\u5e74\u5b66\u751f\u8ffd\u6c42\u5b66\u95ee\u7684\u70ed\u8bda\u3002\u300d<\/p>
\u4e2d\u5927\u6821\u957f\u5218\u9075\u4e49\u6559\u6388\u611f\u8c22\u65b0\u9e3f\u57fa\u5730\u4ea7\u548c\u65b0\u5730\u526f\u4e3b\u5e2d\u517c\u8463\u4e8b\u603b\u7ecf\u7406\u90ed\u70b3\u8054\u535a\u58eb\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e94\u5e74\u6765\u7684\u9f0e\u529b\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u5e76\u8868\u793a\uff1a\u300c\u8bfa\u65af\u6559\u6388\u662f\u610f\u5ff5\u7684\u6cc9\u6e90\uff0c\u542f\u53d1\u601d\u7ef4\u7684\u80fd\u624b\u3002\u4ed6\u64c5\u4e8e\u6307\u51fa\u65b0\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u8eab\u5206\u73b0\u8eab\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u7528\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u89e3\u51b3\u5b58\u5728\u5df2\u4e45\u7684\u96be\u9898\u3002\u6211\u8c28\u4ee3\u8868\u9999\u6e2f\u4e2d\u6587\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u5411\u8bfa\u65af\u6559\u6388\u81f4\u4ee5\u6700\u8877\u5fc3\u7684\u611f\u6fc0\uff0c\u591a\u8c22\u4ed6\u518d\u6b21\u4e3b\u6301\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u5f97\u5956\u5b66\u4eba\u6770\u51fa\u8bb2\u5ea7\u3002\u300d<\/p>
\u4f20\u7edf\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7406\u8bba\u6709\u6240\u5c40\u9650\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u9610\u91ca\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u7cfb\u5728\u67d0\u7279\u5b9a\u65f6\u523b\u5982\u4f55\u8fd0\u4f5c\u3002\u8bfa\u65af\u6559\u6388\u9488\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c40\u9650\uff0c\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u4e00\u5957\u5d2d\u65b0\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u6240\u6709\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u662f\u591a\u52a8\u591a\u53d8\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6f14\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b— \u8bf8\u5982\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u9769\u65b0\u53ca\u6025\u4fc3\u53d1\u5c55\u3001\u672a\u6765\u6570\u5341\u5e74\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5c55\u671b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u897f\u65b9\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u91d1\u878d\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e3a\u5e94\u4ed8\u91d1\u878d\u6d77\u5578\u6240\u5fc5\u987b\u63a8\u52a8\u7684\u6539\u9769\u3002<\/p>
1993\u5e74\uff0c\u8bfa\u65af\u6559\u6388\u4e0e\u7f57\u4f2f\u7279\u2027\u798f\u683c\u5c14\uff08Robert W. Fogel\uff09\u540c\u83b7\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5956\uff0c\u4ee5\u8868\u626c\u4ed6\u4eec\u300c\u8fd0\u7528\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u8ba1\u91cf\u65b9\u6cd5\u89e3\u91ca\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u4f53\u5236\u53d8\u9769\uff0c\u7ed9\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53f2\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8d4b\u4e88\u65b0\u8c8c\u300d\u3002\u591a\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e00\u76f4\u601d\u8003\u7531\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u95ee\u9898\u5f15\u7533\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u590d\u6742\u53d8\u5316\uff1a\u4e3a\u4f55\u67d0\u4e9b\u56fd\u5bb6\u4f1a\u6e10\u8d8b\u53d1\u8fbe\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e9b\u56fd\u5bb6\u5219\u8d2b\u56f0\u5982\u6614\uff1f\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u8bfa\u65af\u6559\u6388\u5f00\u59cb\u5e94\u7528\u8ba4\u77e5\u53ca\u884c\u4e3a\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u53bb\u5206\u6790\u53ca\u7406\u89e3\u7ecf\u6d4e\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u6d41\u901d\u7684\u6f14\u53d8\uff0c\u6709\u5173\u7814\u7a76\u5df2\u4e8e\u5176\u7740\u4f5c\u300a\u7406\u89e3\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d8\u8fc1\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u300b\u4e2d\u8c08\u53ca\u3002\u4ed6\u66f4\u5c06\u4e8e\u672c\u5e74\u5e95\u63a8\u51fa\u65b0\u4f5c\u300a\u66b4\u529b\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u79e9\u5e8f\ufe30\u89e3\u8bfb\u4eba\u7c7b\u4fe1\u53f2\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u67b6\u6784\u300b\u3002<\/p>
\u4e3a\u4e86\u589e\u52a0\u516c\u4f17\u5bf9\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u516d\u5927\u8303\u7574\uff08\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u3001\u5316\u5b66\u3001\u751f\u7406\u533b\u5b66\u3001\u6587\u5b66\u3001\u548c\u5e73\u53ca\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\uff09\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\uff0c\u8ba9\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u77e5\u8bc6\u66f4\u4e3a\u666e\u53ca\uff0c\u4e2d\u5927\u7279\u522b\u5b89\u6392\u8bb2\u5ea7\u4e8e\u672c\u6e2f\u591a\u6240\u5927\u4e13\u9662\u6821\u76f4\u64ad\uff0c\u53e6\u4ea6\u4e8e\u9999\u6e2f\u79d1\u6280\u56ed\u5373\u65f6\u64ad\u653e\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u9999\u6e2f\u7684\u4e2d\u5b66\u5e08\u751f\u53ef\u900f\u8fc7\u9999\u6e2f\u6559\u80b2\u57ce\u7f51\u7ad9\u5373\u65f6\u6536\u770b\u3002\u662f\u6b21\u8bb2\u5ea7\u66f4\u4e8e\u5185\u5730\u591a\u6240\u7740\u540d\u5b66\u5e9c\u76f4\u64ad\uff0c\u5982\u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u590d\u65e6\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u4e0a\u6d77\u4ea4\u901a\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u6d59\u6c5f\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u5357\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u53ca\u4e2d\u5c71\u5927\u5b66\u7b49\uff0c\u5145\u4efd\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5404\u5730\u5b66\u672f\u4ea4\u6d41\u3002<\/p>
\u4e3a\u5e86\u795d\u300c\u65b0\u9e3f\u57fa\u5730\u4ea7\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u5f97\u5956\u5b66\u4eba\u6770\u51fa\u8bb2\u5ea7\u7cfb\u5217\u300d\u4e3e\u529e\u4e94\u5468\u5e74\uff0c\u65b0\u5730\u4e0e\u4e2d\u5927\u65e9\u524d\u5ba3\u5e03\u9080\u5f97\u4e09\u4f4d\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5956\u5f97\u4e3b\u4e13\u7a0b\u6765\u6e2f\u4e3b\u6301\u4e09\u573a\u8bb2\u5ea7\uff0c\u63a2\u8ba8\u5168\u7403\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u573a\u8bb2\u5ea7\u5df2\u4e8e11\u67083\u65e5\u5706\u6ee1\u4e3e\u884c\uff0c\u75311972\u5e74\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5956\u5f97\u4e3b\u80af\u5c3c\u65af\u2027\u963f\u7f57\u6559\u6388\uff08Professor Kenneth J. Arrow\uff09\u4e3b\u8bb2\u300c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u8d23\u4efb\u300d\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u573a\u8bb2\u5ea7\u300c\u9000\u4f11\u878d\u8d44\uff1a\u96c6\u4f53\u4e0e\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u53d6\u5411\u300d\u4ea6\u5df2\u4e8e11\u670829\u65e5\u4e3e\u884c\uff0c\u75311990\u5e74\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5956\u5f97\u4e3b\u5a01\u5ec9\u2027\u590f\u666e\u6559\u6388\uff08Professor William F. Sharpe\uff09\u4e3b\u8bb2\uff0c\u53cd\u5e94\u975e\u5e38\u70ed\u70c8\uff0c\u5e7f\u53d7\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u53ca\u516c\u4f17\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>
\u300c\u65b0\u9e3f\u57fa\u5730\u4ea7\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u5f97\u5956\u5b66\u4eba\u6770\u51fa\u8bb2\u5ea7\u7cfb\u5217\u300d\u7531\u65b0\u9e3f\u57fa\u5730\u4ea7\u8d5e\u52a9\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e2d\u5927\u81ea2004\u5e74\u8d77\uff0c\u6bcf\u5e74\u9080\u8bf7\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u5f97\u4e3b\u5230\u8bbf\u9999\u6e2f\uff0c\u900f\u8fc7\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e13\u9898\u8bb2\u5ea7\uff0c\u4e0e\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u754c\u53ca\u5546\u754c\u5207\u78cb\u7814\u8ba8\uff0c\u5206\u4eab\u6210\u529f\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u542f\u53d1\u601d\u7ef4\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u63a8\u52a8\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u4f20\u64ad\uff0c\u9f13\u52b1\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0e\u521b\u65b0\u3002\u662f\u6b21\u8bb2\u5ea7\u5df2\u662f\u7b2c16\u5ea6\u4e3e\u884c\uff0c\u5408\u5171\u670923\u4f4d\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u5f97\u4e3b\u548c\u77e5\u540d\u5b66\u8005\u5e94\u9080\u6765\u6e2f\u4e3b\u6301\u516c\u5f00\u8bb2\u5ea7\u3002<\/p>","show_as_achievement":false,"achievement_category":[],"show_as_clarification":false,"show_as_announcement":false,"photos":null,"attachments":null,"video_source":null,"video_file":null,"add_play_button":false,"video_caption":"","show_migration":false,"original_id":"330","photos_original":[{"photo":"20081211-1.jpg","caption":"\u65b0\u5730\u6267\u884c\u8463\u4e8b\u9ec4\u5955\u9274\uff08\u53f3\uff09\u53ca\u4e2d\u5927\u6821\u957f\u5218\u9075\u4e49\u6559\u6388\u81f4\u9001\u7eaa\u5ff5\u54c1\u4e881993\u5e74\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5956\u5f97\u4e3b\u9053\u683c\u62c9\u65af\uff0e\u8bfa\u65af\u6559\u6388"},{"photo":"20081211-2.jpg","caption":"1993\u5e74\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5956\u5f97\u4e3b\u9053\u683c\u62c9\u65af\uff0e\u8bfa\u65af\u6559\u6388"},{"photo":"20081211-3.jpg","caption":"\u8bb2\u5ea7\u5438\u5f15\u8fd1\u4e8c\u767e\u540d\u5dff\u6c11\u53c2\u4e0e"}],"attachments_original":null},"publishpress_future_workflow_manual_trigger":{"enabledWorkflows":[]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cpr.cuhk.edu.hk\/sc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/press\/47373","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cpr.cuhk.edu.hk\/sc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/press"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cpr.cuhk.edu.hk\/sc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/press"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.cpr.cuhk.edu.hk\/sc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/press\/47373\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cpr.cuhk.edu.hk\/sc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=47373"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cpr.cuhk.edu.hk\/sc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=47373"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}